@article{Kokulan-2019-Contribution,
title = "Contribution of Overland and Tile Flow to Runoff and Nutrient Losses from Vertisols in Manitoba, Canada",
author = "Kokulan, Vivekananthan and
Macrae, Merrin L. and
Lobb, David A. and
Ali, Genevi{\`e}ve",
journal = "Journal of Environmental Quality, Volume 48, Issue 4",
volume = "48",
number = "4",
year = "2019",
publisher = "Wiley",
url = "https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G19-36003",
doi = "10.2134/jeq2019.03.0103",
pages = "959--965",
abstract = "This study quantified the contributions of overland and tile flow to total runoff (sum of overland and tile flow) and nutrient losses in a Vertisolic soil in the Red River valley (Manitoba, Canada), a region with a cold climate where tile drainage is rapidly expanding. Most annual runoff occurred as overland flow (72-89{\%}), during spring snowmelt and large spring and summer storms. Tile drains did not flow in early spring due to frozen ground. Although tiles flowed in late spring and summer (33-100{\%} of event flow), this represented a small volume of annual runoff (10-25{\%}), which is in stark contrast with what has been observed in other tile-drained landscapes. Median daily flow-weighted mean concentrations of soluble reactive P (SRP) and total P (TP) were significantly greater in overland flow than in tile flow ( {\textless} 0.001), but the reverse pattern was observed for NO-N ( {\textless} 0.001). Overland flow was the primary export pathway for both P and NO-N, accounting for {\textgreater}95{\%} of annual SRP and TP and 50 to 60{\%} of annual NO-N losses. Data suggest that tile drains do not exacerbate P export from Vertisols in the Red River valley because they are decoupled from the surface by soil-ice during snowmelt, which is the primary time for P loss. However, NO-N loading to downstream water bodies may be exacerbated by tiles, particularly during spring and summer storms after fertilizer application.",
}
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<abstract>This study quantified the contributions of overland and tile flow to total runoff (sum of overland and tile flow) and nutrient losses in a Vertisolic soil in the Red River valley (Manitoba, Canada), a region with a cold climate where tile drainage is rapidly expanding. Most annual runoff occurred as overland flow (72-89%), during spring snowmelt and large spring and summer storms. Tile drains did not flow in early spring due to frozen ground. Although tiles flowed in late spring and summer (33-100% of event flow), this represented a small volume of annual runoff (10-25%), which is in stark contrast with what has been observed in other tile-drained landscapes. Median daily flow-weighted mean concentrations of soluble reactive P (SRP) and total P (TP) were significantly greater in overland flow than in tile flow ( \textless 0.001), but the reverse pattern was observed for NO-N ( \textless 0.001). Overland flow was the primary export pathway for both P and NO-N, accounting for \textgreater95% of annual SRP and TP and 50 to 60% of annual NO-N losses. Data suggest that tile drains do not exacerbate P export from Vertisols in the Red River valley because they are decoupled from the surface by soil-ice during snowmelt, which is the primary time for P loss. However, NO-N loading to downstream water bodies may be exacerbated by tiles, particularly during spring and summer storms after fertilizer application.</abstract>
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%0 Journal Article
%T Contribution of Overland and Tile Flow to Runoff and Nutrient Losses from Vertisols in Manitoba, Canada
%A Kokulan, Vivekananthan
%A Macrae, Merrin L.
%A Lobb, David A.
%A Ali, Geneviève
%J Journal of Environmental Quality, Volume 48, Issue 4
%D 2019
%V 48
%N 4
%I Wiley
%F Kokulan-2019-Contribution
%X This study quantified the contributions of overland and tile flow to total runoff (sum of overland and tile flow) and nutrient losses in a Vertisolic soil in the Red River valley (Manitoba, Canada), a region with a cold climate where tile drainage is rapidly expanding. Most annual runoff occurred as overland flow (72-89%), during spring snowmelt and large spring and summer storms. Tile drains did not flow in early spring due to frozen ground. Although tiles flowed in late spring and summer (33-100% of event flow), this represented a small volume of annual runoff (10-25%), which is in stark contrast with what has been observed in other tile-drained landscapes. Median daily flow-weighted mean concentrations of soluble reactive P (SRP) and total P (TP) were significantly greater in overland flow than in tile flow ( \textless 0.001), but the reverse pattern was observed for NO-N ( \textless 0.001). Overland flow was the primary export pathway for both P and NO-N, accounting for \textgreater95% of annual SRP and TP and 50 to 60% of annual NO-N losses. Data suggest that tile drains do not exacerbate P export from Vertisols in the Red River valley because they are decoupled from the surface by soil-ice during snowmelt, which is the primary time for P loss. However, NO-N loading to downstream water bodies may be exacerbated by tiles, particularly during spring and summer storms after fertilizer application.
%R 10.2134/jeq2019.03.0103
%U https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G19-36003
%U https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2019.03.0103
%P 959-965
Markdown (Informal)
[Contribution of Overland and Tile Flow to Runoff and Nutrient Losses from Vertisols in Manitoba, Canada](https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G19-36003) (Kokulan et al., GWF 2019)
ACL
- Vivekananthan Kokulan, Merrin L. Macrae, David A. Lobb, and Geneviève Ali. 2019. Contribution of Overland and Tile Flow to Runoff and Nutrient Losses from Vertisols in Manitoba, Canada. Journal of Environmental Quality, Volume 48, Issue 4, 48(4):959–965.
