FLUXNET-CH<sub>4</sub>: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands
Kyle Delwiche, Sara Knox, Avni Malhotra, Etienne Fluet‐Chouinard, Gavin McNicol, Sarah Féron, Zutao Ouyang, Dario Papale, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, You-Wei Cheah, Danielle Christianson, Ma. Carmelita Alberto, Pavel Alekseychik, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, David P. Billesbach, Gil Bohrer, Rosvel Bracho, Nina Buchmann, David I. Campbell, Gerardo Celis, Jiquan Chen, Weinan Chen, Housen Chu, Higo J. Dalmagro, Sigrid Dengel, Ankur R. Desai, Matteo Detto, A. J. Dolman, Elke Eichelmann, E. S. Euskirchen, D. Famulari, Kathrin Fuchs, Mathias Goeckede, Sébastien Gogo, Mangaliso J. Gondwe, Jordan P. Goodrich, Pia Gottschalk, Scott L. Graham, Martin Heimann, Manuel Helbig, Carole Helfter, Kyle S. Hemes, Takashi Hirano, David Y. Hollinger, Lukas Hörtnagl, Hiroki Iwata, Adrien Jacotot, Gerald Jurasinski, Minseok Kang, Kuno Kasak, John S. King, Janina Klatt, Franziska Koebsch, Ken W. Krauss, Derrick Y.F. Lai, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Giovanni Manca, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Trofim C. Maximov, Lutz Merbold, Bhaskar Mitra, Timothy H. Morin, Eiko Nemitz, Mats B. Nilsson, Shuli Niu, Walter C. Oechel, Patricia Y. Oikawa, Keisuke Ono, Matthias Peichl, Olli Peltola, Michele L. Reba, Andrew D. Richardson, W. J. Riley, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Youngryel Ryu, Torsten Sachs, Ayaka Sakabe, Camilo Rey‐Sánchez, Edward A. G. Schuur, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Oliver Sonnentag, Jed P. Sparks, Ellen Stuart‐Haëntjens, Cove Sturtevant, Ryan C. Sullivan, Daphne Szutu, Jonathan E. Thom, Margaret Torn, Eeva‐Stiina Tuittila, Jessica Turner, Masahito Ueyama, Alex Valach, Rodrigo Vargas, Andrej Varlagin, Alma Vázquez‐Lule, Joseph Verfaillie, Timo Vesala, George L. Vourlitis, Eric J. Ward, Christian Wille, Georg Wohlfahrt, Guan Xhuan Wong, Zhen Zhang, Donatella Zona, L. Windham‐Myers, Benjamin Poulter, Robert B. Jackson, Kyle Delwiche, Sara Knox, Avni Malhotra, Etienne Fluet‐Chouinard, Gavin McNicol, Sarah Féron, Zutao Ouyang, Dario Papale, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, You-Wei Cheah, Danielle Christianson, Ma. Carmelita Alberto, Pavel Alekseychik, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, David P. Billesbach, Gil Bohrer, Rosvel Bracho, Nina Buchmann, David I. Campbell, Gerardo Celis, Jiquan Chen, Weinan Chen, Housen Chu, Higo J. Dalmagro, Sigrid Dengel, Ankur R. Desai, Matteo Detto, A. J. Dolman, Elke Eichelmann, E. S. Euskirchen, D. Famulari, Kathrin Fuchs, Mathias Goeckede, Sébastien Gogo, Mangaliso J. Gondwe, Jordan P. Goodrich, Pia Gottschalk, Scott L. Graham, Martin Heimann, Manuel Helbig, Carole Helfter, Kyle S. Hemes, Takashi Hirano, David Y. Hollinger, Lukas Hörtnagl, Hiroki Iwata, Adrien Jacotot, Gerald Jurasinski, Minseok Kang, Kuno Kasak, John S. King, Janina Klatt, Franziska Koebsch, Ken W. Krauss, Derrick Y.F. Lai, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Giovanni Manca, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Trofim C. Maximov, Lutz Merbold, Bhaskar Mitra, Timothy H. Morin, Eiko Nemitz, Mats B. Nilsson, Shuli Niu, Walter C. Oechel, Patricia Y. Oikawa, Keisuke Ono, Matthias Peichl, Olli Peltola, Michele L. Reba, Andrew D. Richardson, W. J. Riley, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Youngryel Ryu, Torsten Sachs, Ayaka Sakabe, Camilo Rey‐Sánchez, Edward A. G. Schuur, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Oliver Sonnentag, Jed P. Sparks, Ellen Stuart‐Haëntjens, Cove Sturtevant, Ryan C. Sullivan, Daphne Szutu, Jonathan E. Thom, Margaret Torn, Eeva‐Stiina Tuittila, Jessica Turner, Masahito Ueyama, Alex Valach, Rodrigo Vargas, Andrej Varlagin, Alma Vázquez‐Lule, Joseph Verfaillie, Timo Vesala, George L. Vourlitis, Eric J. Ward, Christian Wille, Georg Wohlfahrt, Guan Xhuan Wong, Zhen Zhang, Donatella Zona, L. Windham‐Myers, Benjamin Poulter, Robert B. Jackson
Abstract
Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.- Cite:
- Kyle Delwiche, Sara Knox, Avni Malhotra, Etienne Fluet‐Chouinard, Gavin McNicol, Sarah Féron, Zutao Ouyang, Dario Papale, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, You-Wei Cheah, Danielle Christianson, Ma. Carmelita Alberto, Pavel Alekseychik, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, David P. Billesbach, Gil Bohrer, et al.. 2021. FLUXNET-CH4: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands. Earth System Science Data, Volume 13, Issue 7, 13(7):3607–3689.
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@article{Delwiche-2021-FLUXNET-CH<sub>4</sub>:,
title = "FLUXNET-CH{\textless}sub{\textgreater}4{\textless}/sub{\textgreater}: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands",
author = {Delwiche, Kyle and
Knox, Sara and
Malhotra, Avni and
Fluet‐Chouinard, Etienne and
McNicol, Gavin and
F{\'e}ron, Sarah and
Ouyang, Zutao and
Papale, Dario and
Trotta, Carlo and
Canfora, Eleonora and
Cheah, You-Wei and
Christianson, Danielle and
Alberto, Ma. Carmelita and
Alekseychik, Pavel and
Aurela, Mika and
Baldocchi, Dennis and
Bansal, Sheel and
Billesbach, David P. and
Bohrer, Gil and
Bracho, Rosvel and
Buchmann, Nina and
Campbell, David I. and
Celis, Gerardo and
Chen, Jiquan and
Chen, Weinan and
Chu, Housen and
Dalmagro, Higo J. and
Dengel, Sigrid and
Desai, Ankur R. and
Detto, Matteo and
Dolman, A. J. and
Eichelmann, Elke and
Euskirchen, E. S. and
Famulari, D. and
Fuchs, Kathrin and
Goeckede, Mathias and
Gogo, S{\'e}bastien and
Gondwe, Mangaliso J. and
Goodrich, Jordan P. and
Gottschalk, Pia and
Graham, Scott L. and
Heimann, Martin and
Helbig, Manuel and
Helfter, Carole and
Hemes, Kyle S. and
Hirano, Takashi and
Hollinger, David Y. and
H{\"o}rtnagl, Lukas and
Iwata, Hiroki and
Jacotot, Adrien and
Jurasinski, Gerald and
Kang, Minseok and
Kasak, Kuno and
King, John S. and
Klatt, Janina and
Koebsch, Franziska and
Krauss, Ken W. and
Lai, Derrick Y.F. and
Lohila, Annalea and
Mammarella, Ivan and
Marchesini, Luca Belelli and
Manca, Giovanni and
Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala and
Maximov, Trofim C. and
Merbold, Lutz and
Mitra, Bhaskar and
Morin, Timothy H. and
Nemitz, Eiko and
Nilsson, Mats B. and
Niu, Shuli and
Oechel, Walter C. and
Oikawa, Patricia Y. and
Ono, Keisuke and
Peichl, Matthias and
Peltola, Olli and
Reba, Michele L. and
Richardson, Andrew D. and
Riley, W. J. and
Runkle, Benjamin R. K. and
Ryu, Youngryel and
Sachs, Torsten and
Sakabe, Ayaka and
Rey‐S{\'a}nchez, Camilo and
Schuur, Edward A. G. and
Sch{\"a}fer, Karina V. R. and
Sonnentag, Oliver and
Sparks, Jed P. and
Stuart‐Ha{\"e}ntjens, Ellen and
Sturtevant, Cove and
Sullivan, Ryan C. and
Szutu, Daphne and
Thom, Jonathan E. and
Torn, Margaret and
Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina and
Turner, Jessica and
Ueyama, Masahito and
Valach, Alex and
Vargas, Rodrigo and
Varlagin, Andrej and
V{\'a}zquez‐Lule, Alma and
Verfaillie, Joseph and
Vesala, Timo and
Vourlitis, George L. and
Ward, Eric J. and
Wille, Christian and
Wohlfahrt, Georg and
Wong, Guan Xhuan and
Zhang, Zhen and
Zona, Donatella and
Windham‐Myers, L. and
Poulter, Benjamin and
Jackson, Robert B. and
Delwiche, Kyle and
Knox, Sara and
Malhotra, Avni and
Fluet‐Chouinard, Etienne and
McNicol, Gavin and
F{\'e}ron, Sarah and
Ouyang, Zutao and
Papale, Dario and
Trotta, Carlo and
Canfora, Eleonora and
Cheah, You-Wei and
Christianson, Danielle and
Alberto, Ma. Carmelita and
Alekseychik, Pavel and
Aurela, Mika and
Baldocchi, Dennis and
Bansal, Sheel and
Billesbach, David P. and
Bohrer, Gil and
Bracho, Rosvel and
Buchmann, Nina and
Campbell, David I. and
Celis, Gerardo and
Chen, Jiquan and
Chen, Weinan and
Chu, Housen and
Dalmagro, Higo J. and
Dengel, Sigrid and
Desai, Ankur R. and
Detto, Matteo and
Dolman, A. J. and
Eichelmann, Elke and
Euskirchen, E. S. and
Famulari, D. and
Fuchs, Kathrin and
Goeckede, Mathias and
Gogo, S{\'e}bastien and
Gondwe, Mangaliso J. and
Goodrich, Jordan P. and
Gottschalk, Pia and
Graham, Scott L. and
Heimann, Martin and
Helbig, Manuel and
Helfter, Carole and
Hemes, Kyle S. and
Hirano, Takashi and
Hollinger, David Y. and
H{\"o}rtnagl, Lukas and
Iwata, Hiroki and
Jacotot, Adrien and
Jurasinski, Gerald and
Kang, Minseok and
Kasak, Kuno and
King, John S. and
Klatt, Janina and
Koebsch, Franziska and
Krauss, Ken W. and
Lai, Derrick Y.F. and
Lohila, Annalea and
Mammarella, Ivan and
Marchesini, Luca Belelli and
Manca, Giovanni and
Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala and
Maximov, Trofim C. and
Merbold, Lutz and
Mitra, Bhaskar and
Morin, Timothy H. and
Nemitz, Eiko and
Nilsson, Mats B. and
Niu, Shuli and
Oechel, Walter C. and
Oikawa, Patricia Y. and
Ono, Keisuke and
Peichl, Matthias and
Peltola, Olli and
Reba, Michele L. and
Richardson, Andrew D. and
Riley, W. J. and
Runkle, Benjamin R. K. and
Ryu, Youngryel and
Sachs, Torsten and
Sakabe, Ayaka and
Rey‐S{\'a}nchez, Camilo and
Schuur, Edward A. G. and
Sch{\"a}fer, Karina V. R. and
Sonnentag, Oliver and
Sparks, Jed P. and
Stuart‐Ha{\"e}ntjens, Ellen and
Sturtevant, Cove and
Sullivan, Ryan C. and
Szutu, Daphne and
Thom, Jonathan E. and
Torn, Margaret and
Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina and
Turner, Jessica and
Ueyama, Masahito and
Valach, Alex and
Vargas, Rodrigo and
Varlagin, Andrej and
V{\'a}zquez‐Lule, Alma and
Verfaillie, Joseph and
Vesala, Timo and
Vourlitis, George L. and
Ward, Eric J. and
Wille, Christian and
Wohlfahrt, Georg and
Wong, Guan Xhuan and
Zhang, Zhen and
Zona, Donatella and
Windham‐Myers, L. and
Poulter, Benjamin and
Jackson, Robert B.},
journal = "Earth System Science Data, Volume 13, Issue 7",
volume = "13",
number = "7",
year = "2021",
publisher = "Copernicus GmbH",
url = "https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-71002",
doi = "10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021",
pages = "3607--3689",
abstract = "Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.",
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<title>Earth System Science Data, Volume 13, Issue 7</title>
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<issuance>continuing</issuance>
<publisher>Copernicus GmbH</publisher>
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<genre authority="marcgt">periodical</genre>
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<abstract>Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.</abstract>
<identifier type="citekey">Delwiche-2021-FLUXNET-CH<sub>4</sub>:</identifier>
<identifier type="doi">10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021</identifier>
<location>
<url>https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-71002</url>
</location>
<part>
<date>2021</date>
<detail type="volume"><number>13</number></detail>
<detail type="issue"><number>7</number></detail>
<extent unit="page">
<start>3607</start>
<end>3689</end>
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%0 Journal Article %T FLUXNET-CH\textlesssub\textgreater4\textless/sub\textgreater: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands %A Delwiche, Kyle %A Knox, Sara %A Malhotra, Avni %A Fluet‐Chouinard, Etienne %A McNicol, Gavin %A Féron, Sarah %A Ouyang, Zutao %A Papale, Dario %A Trotta, Carlo %A Canfora, Eleonora %A Cheah, You-Wei %A Christianson, Danielle %A Alberto, Ma. Carmelita %A Alekseychik, Pavel %A Aurela, Mika %A Baldocchi, Dennis %A Bansal, Sheel %A Billesbach, David P. %A Bohrer, Gil %A Bracho, Rosvel %A Buchmann, Nina %A Campbell, David I. %A Celis, Gerardo %A Chen, Jiquan %A Chen, Weinan %A Chu, Housen %A Dalmagro, Higo J. %A Dengel, Sigrid %A Desai, Ankur R. %A Detto, Matteo %A Dolman, A. J. %A Eichelmann, Elke %A Euskirchen, E. S. %A Famulari, D. %A Fuchs, Kathrin %A Goeckede, Mathias %A Gogo, Sébastien %A Gondwe, Mangaliso J. %A Goodrich, Jordan P. %A Gottschalk, Pia %A Graham, Scott L. %A Heimann, Martin %A Helbig, Manuel %A Helfter, Carole %A Hemes, Kyle S. %A Hirano, Takashi %A Hollinger, David Y. %A Hörtnagl, Lukas %A Iwata, Hiroki %A Jacotot, Adrien %A Jurasinski, Gerald %A Kang, Minseok %A Kasak, Kuno %A King, John S. %A Klatt, Janina %A Koebsch, Franziska %A Krauss, Ken W. %A Lai, Derrick Y.F. %A Lohila, Annalea %A Mammarella, Ivan %A Marchesini, Luca Belelli %A Manca, Giovanni %A Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala %A Maximov, Trofim C. %A Merbold, Lutz %A Mitra, Bhaskar %A Morin, Timothy H. %A Nemitz, Eiko %A Nilsson, Mats B. %A Niu, Shuli %A Oechel, Walter C. %A Oikawa, Patricia Y. %A Ono, Keisuke %A Peichl, Matthias %A Peltola, Olli %A Reba, Michele L. %A Richardson, Andrew D. %A Riley, W. J. %A Runkle, Benjamin R. K. %A Ryu, Youngryel %A Sachs, Torsten %A Sakabe, Ayaka %A Rey‐Sánchez, Camilo %A Schuur, Edward A. G. %A Schäfer, Karina V. R. %A Sonnentag, Oliver %A Sparks, Jed P. %A Stuart‐Haëntjens, Ellen %A Sturtevant, Cove %A Sullivan, Ryan C. %A Szutu, Daphne %A Thom, Jonathan E. %A Torn, Margaret %A Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina %A Turner, Jessica %A Ueyama, Masahito %A Valach, Alex %A Vargas, Rodrigo %A Varlagin, Andrej %A Vázquez‐Lule, Alma %A Verfaillie, Joseph %A Vesala, Timo %A Vourlitis, George L. %A Ward, Eric J. %A Wille, Christian %A Wohlfahrt, Georg %A Wong, Guan Xhuan %A Zhang, Zhen %A Zona, Donatella %A Windham‐Myers, L. %A Poulter, Benjamin %A Jackson, Robert B. %J Earth System Science Data, Volume 13, Issue 7 %D 2021 %V 13 %N 7 %I Copernicus GmbH %F Delwiche-2021-FLUXNET-CH<sub>4</sub>: %X Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper. %R 10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021 %U https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-71002 %U https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021 %P 3607-3689
Markdown (Informal)
[FLUXNET-CH<sub>4</sub>: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands](https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-71002) (Delwiche et al., GWF 2021)
- FLUXNET-CH4: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands (Delwiche et al., GWF 2021)
ACL
- Kyle Delwiche, Sara Knox, Avni Malhotra, Etienne Fluet‐Chouinard, Gavin McNicol, Sarah Féron, Zutao Ouyang, Dario Papale, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, You-Wei Cheah, Danielle Christianson, Ma. Carmelita Alberto, Pavel Alekseychik, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, David P. Billesbach, Gil Bohrer, et al.. 2021. FLUXNET-CH4: a global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands. Earth System Science Data, Volume 13, Issue 7, 13(7):3607–3689.