Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions
Kuang‐Yu Chang, W. J. Riley, Sara Knox, Robert B. Jackson, Gavin McNicol, Benjamin Poulter, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, Gil Bohrer, David I. Campbell, Alessandro Cescatti, Housen Chu, Kyle Delwiche, Ankur R. Desai, E. S. Euskirchen, Thomas Friborg, Mathias Goeckede, Manuel Helbig, Kyle S. Hemes, Takashi Hirano, Hiroki Iwata, Minseok Kang, Trevor F. Keenan, Ken W. Krauss, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Bhaskar Mitra, Akira Miyata, Mats B. Nilsson, Asko Noormets, Walter C. Oechel, Dario Papale, Matthias Peichl, Michele L. Reba, Janne Rinne, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Youngryel Ryu, Torsten Sachs, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Hans Peter Schmid, Narasinha Shurpali, Oliver Sonnentag, Angela C. I. Tang, Margaret Torn, Carlo Trotta, Eeva‐Stiina Tuittila, Masahito Ueyama, Rodrigo Vargas, Timo Vesala, L. Windham‐Myers, Zhen Zhang, Donatella Zona, Kuang‐Yu Chang, W. J. Riley, Sara Knox, Robert B. Jackson, Gavin McNicol, Benjamin Poulter, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, Gil Bohrer, David I. Campbell, Alessandro Cescatti, Housen Chu, Kyle Delwiche, Ankur R. Desai, E. S. Euskirchen, Thomas Friborg, Mathias Goeckede, Manuel Helbig, Kyle S. Hemes, Takashi Hirano, Hiroki Iwata, Minseok Kang, Trevor F. Keenan, Ken W. Krauss, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Bhaskar Mitra, Akira Miyata, Mats B. Nilsson, Asko Noormets, Walter C. Oechel, Dario Papale, Matthias Peichl, Michele L. Reba, Janne Rinne, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Youngryel Ryu, Torsten Sachs, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Hans Peter Schmid, Narasinha Shurpali, Oliver Sonnentag, Angela C. I. Tang, Margaret Torn, Carlo Trotta, Eeva‐Stiina Tuittila, Masahito Ueyama, Rodrigo Vargas, Timo Vesala, L. Windham‐Myers, Zhen Zhang, Donatella Zona
Abstract
Abstract Wetland methane (CH 4 ) emissions ( $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) are important in global carbon budgets and climate change assessments. Currently, $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> projections rely on prescribed static temperature sensitivity that varies among biogeochemical models. Meta-analyses have proposed a consistent $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> temperature dependence across spatial scales for use in models; however, site-level studies demonstrate that $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> are often controlled by factors beyond temperature. Here, we evaluate the relationship between $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> and temperature using observations from the FLUXNET-CH 4 database. Measurements collected across the globe show substantial seasonal hysteresis between $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> and temperature, suggesting larger $${F}_{{{CH}}_{4}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> sensitivity to temperature later in the frost-free season (about 77% of site-years). Results derived from a machine-learning model and several regression models highlight the importance of representing the large spatial and temporal variability within site-years and ecosystem types. Mechanistic advancements in biogeochemical model parameterization and detailed measurements in factors modulating CH 4 production are thus needed to improve global CH 4 budget assessments.- Cite:
- Kuang‐Yu Chang, W. J. Riley, Sara Knox, Robert B. Jackson, Gavin McNicol, Benjamin Poulter, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, Gil Bohrer, David I. Campbell, Alessandro Cescatti, Housen Chu, Kyle Delwiche, Ankur R. Desai, E. S. Euskirchen, Thomas Friborg, Mathias Goeckede, Manuel Helbig, et al.. 2021. Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions. Nature Communications, Volume 12, Issue 1, 12(1).
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@article{Chang-2021-Substantial,
title = "Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions",
author = {Chang, Kuang‐Yu and
Riley, W. J. and
Knox, Sara and
Jackson, Robert B. and
McNicol, Gavin and
Poulter, Benjamin and
Aurela, Mika and
Baldocchi, Dennis and
Bansal, Sheel and
Bohrer, Gil and
Campbell, David I. and
Cescatti, Alessandro and
Chu, Housen and
Delwiche, Kyle and
Desai, Ankur R. and
Euskirchen, E. S. and
Friborg, Thomas and
Goeckede, Mathias and
Helbig, Manuel and
Hemes, Kyle S. and
Hirano, Takashi and
Iwata, Hiroki and
Kang, Minseok and
Keenan, Trevor F. and
Krauss, Ken W. and
Lohila, Annalea and
Mammarella, Ivan and
Mitra, Bhaskar and
Miyata, Akira and
Nilsson, Mats B. and
Noormets, Asko and
Oechel, Walter C. and
Papale, Dario and
Peichl, Matthias and
Reba, Michele L. and
Rinne, Janne and
Runkle, Benjamin R. K. and
Ryu, Youngryel and
Sachs, Torsten and
Sch{\"a}fer, Karina V. R. and
Schmid, Hans Peter and
Shurpali, Narasinha and
Sonnentag, Oliver and
Tang, Angela C. I. and
Torn, Margaret and
Trotta, Carlo and
Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina and
Ueyama, Masahito and
Vargas, Rodrigo and
Vesala, Timo and
Windham‐Myers, L. and
Zhang, Zhen and
Zona, Donatella and
Chang, Kuang‐Yu and
Riley, W. J. and
Knox, Sara and
Jackson, Robert B. and
McNicol, Gavin and
Poulter, Benjamin and
Aurela, Mika and
Baldocchi, Dennis and
Bansal, Sheel and
Bohrer, Gil and
Campbell, David I. and
Cescatti, Alessandro and
Chu, Housen and
Delwiche, Kyle and
Desai, Ankur R. and
Euskirchen, E. S. and
Friborg, Thomas and
Goeckede, Mathias and
Helbig, Manuel and
Hemes, Kyle S. and
Hirano, Takashi and
Iwata, Hiroki and
Kang, Minseok and
Keenan, Trevor F. and
Krauss, Ken W. and
Lohila, Annalea and
Mammarella, Ivan and
Mitra, Bhaskar and
Miyata, Akira and
Nilsson, Mats B. and
Noormets, Asko and
Oechel, Walter C. and
Papale, Dario and
Peichl, Matthias and
Reba, Michele L. and
Rinne, Janne and
Runkle, Benjamin R. K. and
Ryu, Youngryel and
Sachs, Torsten and
Sch{\"a}fer, Karina V. R. and
Schmid, Hans Peter and
Shurpali, Narasinha and
Sonnentag, Oliver and
Tang, Angela C. I. and
Torn, Margaret and
Trotta, Carlo and
Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina and
Ueyama, Masahito and
Vargas, Rodrigo and
Vesala, Timo and
Windham‐Myers, L. and
Zhang, Zhen and
Zona, Donatella},
journal = "Nature Communications, Volume 12, Issue 1",
volume = "12",
number = "1",
year = "2021",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
url = "https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-80001",
doi = "10.1038/s41467-021-22452-1",
abstract = "Abstract Wetland methane (CH 4 ) emissions ( {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} ) are important in global carbon budgets and climate change assessments. Currently, {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} projections rely on prescribed static temperature sensitivity that varies among biogeochemical models. Meta-analyses have proposed a consistent {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} temperature dependence across spatial scales for use in models; however, site-level studies demonstrate that {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} are often controlled by factors beyond temperature. Here, we evaluate the relationship between {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} and temperature using observations from the FLUXNET-CH 4 database. Measurements collected across the globe show substantial seasonal hysteresis between {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} and temperature, suggesting larger {\$}{\$}{F}{\_}{{{CH}}{\_}{4}}{\$}{\$} {\textless}mml:math xmlns:mml=``http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML''{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}F{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}C{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mi{\textgreater}H{\textless}/mml:mi{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}mml:mn{\textgreater}4{\textless}/mml:mn{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:mrow{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:msub{\textgreater} {\textless}/mml:math{\textgreater} sensitivity to temperature later in the frost-free season (about 77{\%} of site-years). Results derived from a machine-learning model and several regression models highlight the importance of representing the large spatial and temporal variability within site-years and ecosystem types. Mechanistic advancements in biogeochemical model parameterization and detailed measurements in factors modulating CH 4 production are thus needed to improve global CH 4 budget assessments.",
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<abstract>Abstract Wetland methane (CH 4 ) emissions ( $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater ) are important in global carbon budgets and climate change assessments. Currently, $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater projections rely on prescribed static temperature sensitivity that varies among biogeochemical models. Meta-analyses have proposed a consistent $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater temperature dependence across spatial scales for use in models; however, site-level studies demonstrate that $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater are often controlled by factors beyond temperature. Here, we evaluate the relationship between $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater and temperature using observations from the FLUXNET-CH 4 database. Measurements collected across the globe show substantial seasonal hysteresis between $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater and temperature, suggesting larger $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater sensitivity to temperature later in the frost-free season (about 77% of site-years). Results derived from a machine-learning model and several regression models highlight the importance of representing the large spatial and temporal variability within site-years and ecosystem types. Mechanistic advancements in biogeochemical model parameterization and detailed measurements in factors modulating CH 4 production are thus needed to improve global CH 4 budget assessments.</abstract>
<identifier type="citekey">Chang-2021-Substantial</identifier>
<identifier type="doi">10.1038/s41467-021-22452-1</identifier>
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%0 Journal Article %T Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions %A Chang, Kuang‐Yu %A Riley, W. J. %A Knox, Sara %A Jackson, Robert B. %A McNicol, Gavin %A Poulter, Benjamin %A Aurela, Mika %A Baldocchi, Dennis %A Bansal, Sheel %A Bohrer, Gil %A Campbell, David I. %A Cescatti, Alessandro %A Chu, Housen %A Delwiche, Kyle %A Desai, Ankur R. %A Euskirchen, E. S. %A Friborg, Thomas %A Goeckede, Mathias %A Helbig, Manuel %A Hemes, Kyle S. %A Hirano, Takashi %A Iwata, Hiroki %A Kang, Minseok %A Keenan, Trevor F. %A Krauss, Ken W. %A Lohila, Annalea %A Mammarella, Ivan %A Mitra, Bhaskar %A Miyata, Akira %A Nilsson, Mats B. %A Noormets, Asko %A Oechel, Walter C. %A Papale, Dario %A Peichl, Matthias %A Reba, Michele L. %A Rinne, Janne %A Runkle, Benjamin R. K. %A Ryu, Youngryel %A Sachs, Torsten %A Schäfer, Karina V. R. %A Schmid, Hans Peter %A Shurpali, Narasinha %A Sonnentag, Oliver %A Tang, Angela C. I. %A Torn, Margaret %A Trotta, Carlo %A Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina %A Ueyama, Masahito %A Vargas, Rodrigo %A Vesala, Timo %A Windham‐Myers, L. %A Zhang, Zhen %A Zona, Donatella %J Nature Communications, Volume 12, Issue 1 %D 2021 %V 12 %N 1 %I Springer Science and Business Media LLC %F Chang-2021-Substantial %X Abstract Wetland methane (CH 4 ) emissions ( $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater ) are important in global carbon budgets and climate change assessments. Currently, $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater projections rely on prescribed static temperature sensitivity that varies among biogeochemical models. Meta-analyses have proposed a consistent $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater temperature dependence across spatial scales for use in models; however, site-level studies demonstrate that $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater are often controlled by factors beyond temperature. Here, we evaluate the relationship between $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater and temperature using observations from the FLUXNET-CH 4 database. Measurements collected across the globe show substantial seasonal hysteresis between $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater and temperature, suggesting larger $$F_CH_4$$ \textlessmml:math xmlns:mml=“http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML”\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterF\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:msub\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterC\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textlessmml:mi\textgreaterH\textless/mml:mi\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mrow\textgreater \textlessmml:mn\textgreater4\textless/mml:mn\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:mrow\textgreater \textless/mml:msub\textgreater \textless/mml:math\textgreater sensitivity to temperature later in the frost-free season (about 77% of site-years). Results derived from a machine-learning model and several regression models highlight the importance of representing the large spatial and temporal variability within site-years and ecosystem types. Mechanistic advancements in biogeochemical model parameterization and detailed measurements in factors modulating CH 4 production are thus needed to improve global CH 4 budget assessments. %R 10.1038/s41467-021-22452-1 %U https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-80001 %U https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22452-1
Markdown (Informal)
[Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions](https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G21-80001) (Chang et al., GWF 2021)
- Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions (Chang et al., GWF 2021)
ACL
- Kuang‐Yu Chang, W. J. Riley, Sara Knox, Robert B. Jackson, Gavin McNicol, Benjamin Poulter, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, Gil Bohrer, David I. Campbell, Alessandro Cescatti, Housen Chu, Kyle Delwiche, Ankur R. Desai, E. S. Euskirchen, Thomas Friborg, Mathias Goeckede, Manuel Helbig, et al.. 2021. Substantial hysteresis in emergent temperature sensitivity of global wetland CH4 emissions. Nature Communications, Volume 12, Issue 1, 12(1).